Eye Dieasese & Treatment

Surgical Treatment

1. LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis) Most common refractive surgery Uses a laser to reshape the cornea for proper light focus Corrects myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism Quick recovery; minimal discomfort 2. PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy) Laser removes a small layer of the corneal surface to reshape it Suitable for thin corneas not eligible for LASIK Longer recovery than LASIK 3. SMILE (Small Incision Lenticule Extraction) Newer minimally invasive laser procedure Corrects myopia and astigmatism Small incision preserves corneal strength 4. Lens-Based Surgeries Refractive Lens Exchange (RLE) – replaces natural lens with an intraocular lens (IOL) Often used for high hyperopia or presbyopia Can combine with multifocal or toric lenses for astigmatism

Treatment Options

1. Eyeglasses

• Most common and safest option

• Corrects myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia

• Can be updated easily as vision changes

2. Contact Lenses

• Provide clearer vision and wider field of view than glasses

• Types include soft lenses, rigid gas-permeable lenses, and toric lenses for astigmatism

• Require proper hygiene and care to avoid infections

3. Refractive Surgery

• LASIK – reshapes cornea using a laser

• PRK – removes corneal surface layer to reshape

• SMILE – minimally invasive laser procedure for myopia and astigmatism

• Refractive Lens Exchange (RLE) – replaces natural lens with an artificial lens

4. Orthokeratology (Ortho-K)

• Special rigid contact lenses worn overnight

• Temporarily reshape the cornea to correct vision during the day

• Mainly used for mild myopia

5. Lifestyle and Eye Care

• Regular eye exams to monitor vision changes

• Proper lighting and screen habits to reduce eye strain

• Maintaining overall eye health through nutrition and hydration